Sibelco covia
Sibelco covia. The Independence, Ohio-based company’s settlement with the Securities and Exchange Commission allows Covia to pay Covia Mining Independence, Ohio Sibelco Group Mining Imerys Mining Paris, Ile-de-France Grupo DEACERO Primary Metal Manufacturing San Pedro Garza García, Nuevo León Sibelco’s solutions support the progress of modern life and serve industries as diverse as glass, ceramics, construction, coatings, polymers, metals, agriculture and water purification. Sibelco knows these assets Quartz & feldspar processing. Mr. , a provider of minerals and materials solutions for the industrial and June 2018. 38%のCAGRで成長し、2029年までに7億448万トンに達すると予想されています。この市場で事業を展開している主要企業は、Covia Holdings、US Silica、Sibelco、Evonik Industries AG、Cabot Corporationです。。 Our years of experience, technical expertise, and product range allow us to support our customers and create value through market insight and innovation. HIFILL® Calcium Carbonate and HIFILL N® Nephylene Syenite, a performance filler that is popular with HCR Silicone compounders as a filler, since it allows for formulation cost reduction without adversely impacting the properties and durability of fabricated articles. Prior to joining Sibelco, Mr. Click on "Submit a Claim" above to download a proof of claim form and for more information regarding filing Canadian Nepheline has been mined in the Havelock area for generations. View of a limestone quarry crushing quarry. 5 billion in 2018. Jones Day advised Fairmount Santrol in its merger with Unimin Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of SCR-Sibelco NV, in a tax-free, cash and stock transaction, creating a leader in proppant and industrial materials solutions. Sibelco is a global material solutions company. Na (AlSi3O8) is one of the main constituents of the Earth’s crust. Sibelco’s solutions support the progress of modern life and serve industries as diverse as glass, ceramics, construction, coatings, polymers and water purification. In addition, Sibelco is a majority shareholder in Covia, a leading NYSE-listed provider of minerals and material solutions for the industrial and energy Sibelco mines, processes and sells specialty industrial minerals – particularly silica, clays, feldspathics and olivine – and is a leader in glass recycling. Absence free crystalline silica (free from labelling); Brightness. a market-driven exit from Covia. , U. We offer customers a broad array Editorial article: Film manufacturers can optimize their additive package for less interference. Decat served for 11 years as the Chief Finance Officer and as a director of Taminco Corporation Feb 13, 2023 · Key companies covered in silica sand market are U. Unimin recently announced its quartz and coatings and polymers activities have been incorporated into the new entity Sibelco North America Inc. Feldspar can be characterised by: Relatively high Mohs hardness of 6. May 20, 2024 · Future Competition: Sibelco North America's Fastest Growing Competitors These companies are in the same general field as Sibelco North America and are rapidly expanding. Dec 31, 2019 · Approximately 65% of the outstanding shares of Covia common stock was owned by SCR-Sibelco NV (“Sibelco”), the parent company of Unimin prior to the Merger, as of 21. Covia Covia 41 59 +42 (18) 84 84 +104% % Net result (share of the Group) Sibelco excl. Covia purchased the site in 1989 and has been a member of the community ever since. now known as Bison Merger Sub I, LLC (“Fairmount”) (collectively, the “Respondents”) for violations arising from materially false and misleading statements relating to the performance and Superior processing methods at our Seiling, OK plant, ensure this sand has uniform properties for each well completion. With a plate like crystal structure and high aspect ratio it provides good reinforcing properties, increased hardness and stiffness, and improved resistance to abrasion and tear. Jan 21, 2019 · Sibelco is the majority shareholder in Covia, a leading NYSE-listed provider of minerals and material solutions for the industrial and energy markets in North America. com to learn more. Sep 21, 2023 · Leading feldspar and nepheline syenite market players include SCR-Sibelco NV, I-Minerals Inc. THIS STOCKHOLDERS AGREEMENT (as executed and as it may be amended, modified, supplemented or restated from time to time, as provided herein, this Agreement), dated as of June 1, 2018 (the Effective Date), is entered into by and among Covia Holdings Corporation (formerly known as Unimin Corporation), a Delaware corporation (the Company), SCR-Sibelco NV, a Belgian public Sibelco Changshu Minerals Co. Unimin Corporation | 17,135 followers on LinkedIn. DIVESTMENT OF ASSETS. Energy Customer Service Dec 3, 2020 · Bankrupt Covia Holdings Corp. BR) stock quote, history, news and other vital information to help you with your stock trading and investing. CHARLOTTE, NC — The recent merger of Unimin and Fairmount Santrol resulted into the creation of Covia Holdings Corp. Dec 31, 2007 · Benny Loix is currently a Non-Independent Director at Avalon Advanced Materials, Inc. In addition, Sibelco is a majority shareholder in Covia, a leading NYSE-listed provider of minerals and material solutions for the industrial and energy May 22, 2024 · Stock analysis for SCR-Sibelco NV (SCRVP:EN Brussels) including stock price, stock chart, company news, key statistics, fundamentals and company profile. Glassmaking raw materials company Unimin is now known as Covia following a merger. Frac sand heavyweight Covia Holdings, owner of several mines in Minnesota and Wisconsin, has filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection, felled by structural changes in the oil industry SIBELCO RAPPORT FINANCIER 2020 4 CHIFFRES CLÉS – GESTION En milliers d’euros Groupe Sibelco Hors Covia Covia 2020* Groupe Sibelco Hors Covia Covia 2019* 2018 2017 2016 Résultats consolidés Chiffre d’affaires 1489 440 492 086 1 975 529 1 878 556 1425 738 3 295 130 3 521130 3 083 004 2 725 702 Jun 30, 2020 · The Bankruptcy Court has set the following deadlines for filing proofs of claim: General Bar Date: September 18, 2020, at 5:00 p. Sibelco confirms that it received a summons from one of its shareholders requesting the Antwerp court to appoint an expert to examine the merger of Fairmount Santrol and Unimin in 2017/2018. As a silica-free pigment extender, MINEX is a safe functional filler for paints and colors used by artists and hobbyists. Industrial Customer Service 1-800-243-9004 Customer. Decat has been a director of Covia since June 2018 and has been the Chief Financial Officer of Sibelco, a privately-owned Belgian company, since joining Sibelco in 2015. -based Unimin Corp. So, if pricing falls to the low-mid teens, then that shows pricing is reaching unsustainable levels. With our origins going back nearly 100 years, Covia was created in 2018 through the merger of Unimin and Fairmount Santrol. 60 per ton. The creation of Covia (which is 65% Sibelco-owned) signified a key milestone on our journey and was the culmination of many months of intensive Jan 16, 2024 · Covia emerged from bankruptcy court at the very end of 2020. INDEPENDENCE, Ohio, December 31, 2020 (Globe Newswire) – Covia today announced that it has successfully completed its financial restructuring and emerged from Chapter 11. www. Sibelco’s own capital expenditures for growth initiatives increased, with the main expansion projects being the clay operations in the UK and feldspar activities in Turkey. FINANCIAL. Vice President of Safety & Health at Covia · Experience: Covia · Education: Montana Tech of the University of Montana · Location: Winchester · 500+ connections on LinkedIn. Covia Covia 37 70 + (34) 79 79 +116% 13% Adjusted EBIT Sibelco excl. 6 billion, court papers show. Resources. Quinta da Rosa, EN114 2040-335 Rio Maior Portugal. com or fill out our contact form. Our Rio Maior site produces cristobalite, kaolin and silica, mainly for the ceramics, glass, coatings, sports & leisure and abrasives industries. We work across a broad range of industries, anticipating and meeting our customers’ changing needs with innovative solutions that combine high-specification materials and dedicated technical support. Highlights 2019. coviacorp. The combined company is now known as Covia Holdings Corporation Dec 7, 2021 · Unimin merged with Fairmount Santrol Corp. Sibelco Portuguesa, Lda. 98 Billion by 2029 | Industry to Grow at 7. Governmental Bar Date: December 26, 2020, at 5:00 p. 02 Magnesium Oxide (MgO Founded in 1872, Sibelco has grown into a multinational business currently operating 228 production sites in 41 countries with a team of around 10,000 people. (“Covia”) and Fairmount Santrol Holdings, Inc. Through the restructuring, Covia has reduced its long-term debt by approximately $750 million and its fixed costs COVIA. The Company offers products including silica, clays, kaolins, feldspars, olivine, hydrated limes, nepheline syenite, calcium carbonate, titanium minerals and other specialty minerals. Cristobalite can be characterised by: Transparency for UV-radiation (ie. Equities 094426466 BE0944264663 Construction Materials Real-time Mar 6, 2019 · Sibelco’s IOTA® high purity quartz (HPQ) is playing a key role in solar power, the world’s fastest-growing source of new energy. Nepheline syenite can be characterised by: High purity. European materials solutions company Sibelco will invest circa $49 million in Australian mineral and silica mines developer Diatreme via shares and project investment. Dec 31, 2020 · INDEPENDENCE, Ohio, December 31, 2020 (Globe Newswire) – Covia today announced that it has successfully completed its financial restructuring and emerged from Chapter 11. 5 microns. He also holds positions as a Director at Cofisa, Silfin NV, NZM Grit, Act&Sorb BV, and Treasurer, EVP-Finance, Mergers & Acquisitions at SCR-Sibelco NV. We look forward to building on these experiences and successes as we continue to develop relationships in hand, the energy activities of Covia faced substantial overcapacity and flat demand in the North American proppant industry and this had a significant impact on the financial contribution of Covia to Sibelco’s results. , Covia Holdings LLC, Anglo Pacific Minerals Nepheline syenite (silicate, naturally occurring blend of albite, microcline and nepheline) is a feldspatic mineral mined in Canada and Norway. On December 8, 2020, the Commission instituted and simultaneously settled cease-and-desist proceedings (the “Order”) against Covia Holdings Corp. Silica Sand Market to Worth USD 18. 5% (18. Selector Tool for Coatings. MINEX 12 offers superior clarity, low haze, excellent durability, color development, UV+EB cure compatibility and VOC reduction. m. Request technical data sheet. 3 billion driven by $1. Under the terms of the merger agreement, at the closing of the transaction, Fairmount shareholders, including equity award holders, will receive $170 million in cash, or approximately $0. Preston Manor Works 3PR, Chudleigh Rd, Kingsteignton, Newton Abbot, United Kingdom. 2% for Sibelco excluding Covia and 15. (NYSE:FMSA) on December 11, 2017. Sibelco is the majority shareholder in Covia, a leading NYSE-listed provider of minerals and material solutions for the industrial and energy markets in North America. 75 million in exchange for release of liabilities related to a 2018 About Sibelco Founded in 1872, we have grown into a multinational business with operations in 31 countries and an extensive multi-mineral portfolio. Covia Covia 44 18 + 27 36 36 -19 COVIA Corp. Additionally, he is a Member-Supervisory Board at Krynicki Recykling SA. including lime globally and Australia. In some cases apparently high growth rates may be caused by data that weren't available in previous years. Unimin Corporation entered into an agreement and plan of merger to acquire Fairmount Santrol Holdings Inc. 3 Summit Park Drive, Suite 700, Independence, OH 44131. customer service at Info@Sibelco. #renewableenergy #solar #solarenergy #solarpower #solarpanels Oct 26, 2021 · And it is a major reason why China and the rest of the world all have their eyes on the Spruce Pines mine in North Carolina, where two companies — US-based Covia, formerly known as Unimin, a Sibelco feldspar quarry in Cine (Turkey) Feldspar is an aluminium silicate with chemical formula X (AlSi 3O8), where X can be Na, K, and a wide variety of other metals. The company was founded in 1838. 47 Calcium Oxide (CaO) 0. SNOBRITE® 75 (Mcintyre, GA) is a white extender pigment produced from airfloated intermediate kaolins. MINBLOC® HC High-Clarity Antiblock additive, which is nepheline syenite, is produced from one of the largest and most consistent high-purity ore reserves located in Blue Mt. Service@CoviaCorp. 6 LUTHU ROAD, CHANGSHU ECONOMICDEVELOPMENT ZONE JIANGSU . The total net result Group share including Covia was EUR 78 million compared to a net loss (Group share) of EUR 672 million in 2019. +351 243 909 650. Energy Customer Service Sibelco olivine is a high-purity magnesium–iron silicate mineral with the chemical formula (Mg, Fe) 2 SiO 4. Visit www. SCR-Sibelco N. Our group consolidated revenue reached € 3. 7% CAGR Dec 31, 2020 · Emerges with approximately $175 million of total liquidity. シリカ市場は、2024年に5億1,709万トンに達し、6. It gets its name from its attractive olive-green colour. Covia Holdings was in talks with its majority stakeholder, SCR-Sibelco NV, about a deal to take back debt and inject new funds, but Sibelco ultimately dropped its proposal in the face of a Upon the closing of the Merger, Covia and Sibelco entered into the Distribution Agreements (each, a “Distribution Agreement”), pursuant to which we are the exclusive distributor in North America and Mexico with respect to Sibelco’s products for the tiles, engobes, sanitaryware and glass industries (sodium feldspar chips, shredded/blended 6 days ago · Scr Sibelco NV is a Belgium-based company that is mainly engaged in the extraction and refining of various types of sand and non-metallic industrial minerals. The net result (Group share) for Sibelco excluding Covia was EUR 126 million. Sibelco is of the opinion that the legal conditions for such expert appointment are not satisfied. Covia May 20, 2024 · Covia Inc. Confidential & commercially sensitive information proprietary of SCR Sibelco N. Covia Covia 102 (48) 55 55 --47% Cash flows Free operating cash flow Sibelco excl. This product has a median particle size of 14. Fairmount and Covia agreed, without admitting or denying the SEC's findings, to cease and desist from violating Sections 17(a)(2) and 17(a)(3) of the Securities Act and Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act and Rules 12b-20, 13a-1, 13a-11 and 13a-13 thereunder. View Andy O' Find the latest SCR - SIBELCO (BE0944264663. , a subsidiary of Belgium's SCR-Sibelco NV. Mar 10, 2020 · Generated cash flow from operating activities of $35 million in the fourth quarter of 2019 and $104 million for full year 2019. Learn more about Covia’s MidCon Regional Frac Sand:1-888-286-4646or EnergyCS@coviacorp. To talk through your specific needs, contact the experts at Covia: 1-888-286-4646 or EnergyCS@CoviaCorp. This was driven by the combination of lower revenues at Covia (-36%) due to the drop in demand from the energy market and a less pronounced drop in revenues at Sibelco’s other activities. Jul 1, 2020 · Frac sand heavyweight Covia Holdings, owner of several mines in Minnesota and Wisconsin, has filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection, felled by structural changes in the oil industry Dec 11, 2020 · Sibelco would pay creditors $3. comTruck Shipping for Select Grades CHEMICAL AND ANALYTICAL DATA Typical Mean Values. a new economic reality. com Mar 16, 2020 · capex at Covia. The company is based in Ransbach-Baumbach, Germany. COVIA. The two businesses will partner to progress the development of Diatreme’s emerging Galalar Stock SCR - SIBELCO Common Stock BE0944264663 VPXB Euronext Expert Market Live Euronext quotes, realtime prices, charts and regulated news Our Kingsteignton site produces kaolin and silica, mainly for the ceramics, tiles, engobes & glazes, EGS, construction, glass and metallurgy industries. Low electrical conductivity. When the business began, Sibelco’s focus was on mining quartz sand for Belgium’s glass producers. Aug 24, 2020 · Reported revenues (including Covia) were down by 29% in the first half. Through the restructuring, Covia has reduced its long-term debt by approximately $750 million and its fixed costs, including railcar obligations, by an additional $300 million. Covia is a May 1, 2024 · Kurt Decat serves as Director of the Company. Relatively low refractive index, making it a transparent filler in various binders. Mean Percent By Weight Silicon Dioxide (SiO 2) 98. MidCon regional sand is ideal for low pressure, straightforward frac applications. Services include : • Active Directory management: manage the creation , maintenance and disablement of identities required to access Sibelco’s network including supporting moves , adds , changes The current majority owner of the publicly traded company is Belgian mining company SCR-Sibelco NV, which holds 65% of its shares. Covia (Formerly Unimin Corporation) Nov 1994 - Dec 2019 25 years 2 months. , prevailing Central Time. We work with customers worldwide across a range of sectors, including: Quickly find the right material for your needs with our. Client (s) Fairmount Santrol Holdings Inc. Jul 1, 2020 · Share. Artist colors. , Ltd. Jenniffer Deckard, president and CEO of Covia, who had May 23, 2024 · Quotes SCR-Sibelco N. COVID-19. , The QUARTZ Corp. excluding Covia) decreased by 24% to EUR 772 million. Silica (U. Note when using cristobalite: depending on the particle size distribution of the product, it can be labelled Sibelco excl. Securities and Exchange Commission to resolve allegations that the frack sand producer misled investors about some of its specially manufactured sand. In 2018, Unimin and Fairmount Santrol united to create Covia. • 2020 H1 revenue evolution Sibelco Group Unaudited management reporting YTD June 2019 YTD June 2020 Covia Scope change* Covid 19 impact 1,779 1,258 Average 20-25% drop in revenues Apr / May with mixed picture across business lines •Main reason for drop was lower volumes •Some recovery in June and into July for Sibelco excl. Reported 2019 net loss of $1. Covia will be an industrial mineral company with about $2 billion in annual revenue. US Customs records for Covia Inc, a supplier based in Canada. The recent merger of Unimin and Fairmount Santrol reportedly resulted into the creation of Covia Holdings Corp. S. MINBLOC® anti-blocking agents and thermal fillers. Easy to wet. 74 per share based on Fairmount’s current diluted share count, and STOCKHOLDERS AGREEMENT . 3 billion compared to € 3. Two important businesses, specifically the high-purity quartz sands and the sales of materials solutions for coating Resin-coated proppants help to keep your fractures open while reducing proppant flowback. , Quarzwerke GmbH, JFE Mineral & Alloy Company, Mangal Minerals, Badger Mining Corporation, Euroquarz GmbH, and Cristobalite (silica, chemical formula SiO 2) is the result of the calcination of quartz at a temperature of 1500°C: ⇒ ⇒. Our company sources, transforms and distributes specialty industrial minerals – particularly silica, clays, feldspathics and olivine – and is a EBITDA. , the Connecticut subsidiary of SCR-Sibelco NV in Antwerp, Belgium. Our history includes many milestone achievements across industries and markets aided by our long-term partnerships. 4 billion Sibelco’s solutions support the progress of modern life and serve industries as diverse as glass, ceramics, construction, coatings, polymers, metals, agriculture and water purification. CoviaCorp. These Do Not Represent a Specification. 3 microns and is easily dispersed in all conventional Dec 8, 2020 · Fairmount and Covia filed chapter 11 bankruptcy cases in June 2020. In 2018, Fairmount Santrol Corp. The CEO is Michael Klaas. 89 Iron Oxide (Fe 2 O 3) 0. The net result was boosted by a result from financial assets of COVIA. This site conducts mining and mineral separation steps for the production of High Purity Quartz with byproducts of feldspar and mica. Energy comparison: MINBLOC HC's Operational Sustainability. Creditors say claims related to 2018 merger worth $800 million. and Fairmount Santrol Holdings Inc. , , CHINACHINA. Product overview: MINEX advantages. The Sibelco Group operates COVIA. Jun 28, 2022 · Maria Highland 28/06/2022, 10:52 am. We produce a wide range of specialized silica sand, feldspar, nepheline syenite, calcium carbonate, clay and kaolin products and have unique expertise in areas such as micronization, resin Jun 1, 2018 · Covia is the company created by the merger, completed on Friday, June 1, of Chesterland-based frac sand miner Fairmount Santrol and New Canaan, Conn. 8% for Covia). Products in our IOTA ® quartz range are mined from two uniquely pure ore bodies at Spruce Pine, North Carolina, USA. Feb 20, 2024 · Top 10 Companies in the Global Silica Sand Market, Supported by Heightened Demand in Glass Industry. During 2019, Sibelco expanded its presence in the market for glass recycling by acquiring Italian glass recycling company Macoglass. Xxx Xxxxxx End user services support Sibelco shall provide Covia with end user services for Covia employees consistent with current practices. (b) For so long as Sibelco, together with its controlled Affiliates, owns more than 50% of the issued and outstanding shares of common stock of Covia (the Restricted Period), and except as provided in Article II, Covia will not, and will cause its controlled Affiliates not to, directly or indirectly, whether as principal, partner, officer, director, stockholder or otherwise, alone or in Sibelco’s IOTA high purity quartz sands are used to produce fused quartz, a material with unique optical, mechanical and thermal properties, which make it indispensable in the manufacture of a wide range of high-tech products. 07 Aluminum Oxide (Al 2 O 3) 0. Ontario Canada. Name *. Its two main components are iron-rich fayalite and magnesium-rich Jul 12, 2018 · July 12, 2018. 03 Titanium Dioxide (TiO 2) 0. Nepheline ore was discovered here in the 1890’s, and mining has taken place here for 80 years, with the Nephton mine beginning in 1935 and Blue Mountain in 1955. e. agreed to a $17 million settlement with the U. • Challenging market conditions especially for Energy at Covia • Solid performance fromSibelco and Covia Industrial • Impairments at Covia impact net result • Robust operating cash flow generationand debt reduction • Strong balance sheet at Sibelco Stable dividend proposed. Covia +2 Covia 171 122 50 147 147 -14% 1% EBIT Sibelco excl. is asking the bankruptcy court to approve a settlement with controlling shareholder SCR-Sibelco NV to pay unsecured creditors $3. . Covia Holdings Corp. Find their customers, contact information, and About Sibelco Founded in 1872, we have grown into a multinational business with operations in 31 countries and an extensive multi-mineral portfolio. of Chesterland, Ohio, in 2018 to create Covia, the former publicly traded company now privately owned by SCR-Sibelco NV in Antwerp, Belgium. END POINT OF VISION 2020. The combination of Unimin and sand miner Fairmount Santrol was completed last week. Revenues in these activities (i. and a Director at NZM. A naturally-occurring and silica-free material, olivine has a high melting point and high specific density. | In 2018, Unimin and Fairmount Santrol Documents. Director of Taxes. This was complemented About Sibelco Founded in 1872, we have grown into a multinational business with operations in 31 countries and an extensive multi-mineral portfolio. These days they extract and process a broad range of non-metallic industrial minerals Sibelco serves a diverse customer base in industries such as glass, ceramics, construction & engineering, paint, coatings, polymers, metallurgy, oil & gas and agriculture. Sibelco North America is located in Spruce Pine, NC and is a supplier of Quartz. suitable for UV-curing processes). +44 12 70 75 29 20. V. Silica Holdings, Inc. Whether you’re looking for whiteness or colour retention, chemical or UV stability, scrub resistance or hiding power, green formulating or cost management, we have the right solution. , a leading provider of minerals and materials solutions for the industrial and energy markets. 75 million to avoid litigation. Jul 13, 2018 · July 13, 2018. com. merged with Unimin Corp. Companies may grow organically or through acquisition. Energy Customer Service In connection with the Merger, on May 31, 2018, Sibelco, as the sole shareholder of the Company prior to the closing of the Merger, approved (i) the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company reflecting, among other amendments, the change of the Company’s name to “Covia Holdings Corporation,” the change of the par Sibelco Group Mining Imerys Mining Paris, Ile-de-France Covia is a leading provider of minerals and material solutions for the Industrial and Energy markets. Nov 26, 2018 · Covia reported that their margins were around $13. was finalised with the launch of Covia on 1st June, creating one of the world’s leading providers of high-performance material solutions for the energy and industrial markets. Fairmount shareholders received $170 million in cash and 35% of Covia, with the rest going to Sibelco, which was the parent company of Unimin. Covia has debt of about $1. It adds performance and value across a broad spectrum of applications. at NO. MINEX® 2 is a micronized functional filler and/or extender produced from nepheline syenite; a naturally occurring, silica deficient, sodium-potassium alumina silicate. ) Sibelco (Belgium) Covia Holdings LLC. May 21, 2024 · Scr Sibelco NV is a Belgium-based company that is mainly engaged in the extraction and refining of various types of sand and non-metallic industrial minerals. As has been repeatedly communicated, the merger was Jun 30, 2020 · Covia was founded in 2018 through the combination of frac-sand producers Unimin Corp. Jun 5, 2018 · Unimin becomes Covia following merger. 2. 2 days ago · Part of SCR-Sibelco NV, Sibelco Deutschland GmbH is a German company that produces and sells materials such as barite, calcium carbonate, chromite, dolomite, lime and related products. Covia, an industrial mineral company with about $2 billion in annual revenue, plans to move its headquarters to Independence. , Mitsubishi Corporation, Chongqing Changjiang River Moulding Material (Group) Co. 50% passes through a sieve of <. Site access & opening hours. kl ma pu nk ii mw uj hc jg ef